Electroforming of spray orifice plates
- High-end inkjet printing equipment
- precision medical atomization equipment

The electroformed nozzle plate is a high-end, core microporous component developed for microfluidic control, precision jetting, and ultra-fine atomization. It overcomes the technical limitations of traditional processes—such as laser drilling, mechanical punching, and chemical etching—by utilizing a comprehensive precision manufacturing workflow that includes high-precision photolithography, pulsed electrochemical deposition, mirror polishing, and non-destructive demolding. This enables the mass production of nozzle plates characterized by stress-free properties, ultra-high precision, high flow capacity, and long service life. Widely used in sectors such as inkjet printing, medical nebulization, industrial spraying, precision fluid control, and 3D printing, these plates perfectly meet the demands for equipment miniaturization, precision, and stable continuous operation, serving as an indispensable core component in precision fluid jetting systems.
Regarding forming precision and microporous structure, the product employs an atomic-level additive manufacturing process. The entire procedure involves no mechanical compression, high-temperature thermal damage, or chemical undercutting, thereby fundamentally eliminating defects common to traditional nozzle plates—such as orifice taper, wall burrs, uneven pore sizes, positional misalignment, and stress-induced deformation. Through 1:1 replication from a high-precision master mold, the product achieves a micropore dimensional accuracy of ±0.5 μm and a minimum formed aperture of just 2 μm; the pore array is uniform and orderly, with near-perfect pattern fidelity. It allows for the flexible formation of complex structures—including straight holes, conical (trumpet) holes, stepped holes, and irregular eccentric holes—solving the challenge of machining irregular fluid nozzles associated with traditional methods. The plate exhibits exceptional micropore consistency, free from issues like size variation, off-center holes, or deformities; requiring no manual finishing or polishing, the plates are ready for immediate installation and use, precisely meeting the flow standards for various precision fluid jetting devices.
In terms of fluid jetting and atomization performance, the product features a highly dense nickel-cobalt alloy microstructure. Following professional mirror polishing, the inner walls of the micropores are smooth and clear, free from voids, steps, or dead zones. The extremely low surface roughness minimizes medium adhesion and flow resistance. In applications involving ink jetting, liquid atomization, and fluid throttling, the medium passes through the micro-apertures rapidly, uniformly, and completely—without wall adhesion, residue, or clogging. This effectively resolves long-standing industry pain points associated with traditional nozzle plates, such as frequent clogging, intermittent jetting, inconsistent atomization particle sizes, and flow rate drift. The uniform and stable flow ensures precise control over jetting flow rate, pressure, droplet diameter, and trajectory, thereby enhancing print quality, atomization performance, and coating uniformity while guaranteeing consistent operational precision and output quality for the end equipment.
Regarding physical properties and operational adaptability, the monolithic electroformed structure is free from internal stress, delamination, or porosity defects. The material undergoes specialized heat treatment to achieve an optimal balance of hardness, toughness, and corrosion resistance, offering outstanding tensile strength, dimensional stability, and aging resistance. Unlike traditional nozzle plates—which are prone to wear, deformation, corrosion, and aperture enlargement leading to failure—this product withstands long-term, high-frequency jetting and continuous fluid erosion. Under high-volume production conditions, the aperture dimensions, bore wall smoothness, and plate flatness remain virtually unchanged. The material is resistant to acids, alkalis, humidity, and temperature extremes, ensuring stable long-term operation in complex industrial settings and cleanroom environments without issues such as warping, micro-aperture deformation, or corrosion-induced leakage, thereby significantly improving equipment stability and service life.
In terms of customization and quality control, the electroforming process offers exceptional design flexibility, unconstrained by traditional manufacturing limitations. Nozzle plates can be custom-engineered to specific requirements regarding aperture size, pitch, plate thickness, external dimensions, and array patterns. The process supports non-standard customizations—such as irregular micro-aperture shapes, zoned aperture variations, and specialized fluidic structures—rapidly meeting the R&D and iteration needs of various next-generation fluidic devices and jetting modules. All products undergo fully automated, full-dimensional CCD inspection, aperture precision verification, flow testing, spot-checks for atomization performance, and corrosion/aging resistance tests. With standardized quality control throughout the process and full traceability, we support both rapid small-batch prototyping and stable high-volume production. These products serve as comprehensive replacements for imported precision orifice plates, driving the domestic localization and upgrading of the precision fluid equipment industry.
Compared to traditional nozzle plates produced via laser drilling, mechanical punching, or chemical etching, electroformed nozzle plates offer overwhelming advantages across key dimensions—including forming precision, flow stability, atomization performance, service life, environmental adaptability, and customization capabilities. They effectively resolve industry pain points such as poor precision, clogging, uneven spraying, corrosion and deformation, short lifespans, and the inability to process complex structures. Consequently, they have become the preferred core component for high-end precision spraying, microfluidic control, and ultra-fine atomization equipment, comprehensively empowering process upgrades and cost-efficiency improvements in sectors like medical technology, printing, industrial automation, and precision manufacturing.
Ultra-high forming precision breaks through the limitations of traditional processes. Traditional laser drilling suffers from high-temperature thermal effects, often resulting in melted edges, burrs, tapered profiles, and significant variations in hole diameter. Mechanical punching tends to cause material stretching, deformation, and micro-cracking. Chemical etching involves severe undercutting, leading to positional offsets and irregular hole shapes. None of these methods can reliably produce ultra-fine, micron-scale holes; in high-precision fluid spraying applications, this often leads to uneven flow, spray misalignment, and atomization failure. In contrast, electroformed nozzle plates utilize precision photolithography replication combined with stress-free electroforming technology. This results in micro-holes that are symmetrical, dimensionally precise, and uniform across the array. The technology enables the stable production of ultra-small (2μm) holes and complex-shaped fluid channels, allowing for precise control over medium flow rates and spray trajectories. It solves the core challenge of insufficient precision in fluid equipment at the hardware level, aligning with the trend toward miniaturization and refinement in high-end equipment.
Superior flow performance eliminates clogging and enhances equipment stability. Traditional nozzle plates often feature rough, uneven hole walls where media easily adhere and accumulate. Prolonged operation frequently leads to issues such as micro-hole clogging, spray discontinuity, atomization failure, and flow rate degradation. These problems necessitate frequent shutdowns for cleaning and maintenance, severely reducing equipment uptime and compromising production efficiency and performance. Electroformed nozzle plates feature mirror-smooth surfaces and ultra-low friction coefficients on the hole walls, ensuring smooth fluid flow without residue or clogging. This enables prolonged, uninterrupted spraying operations, significantly reducing the frequency of equipment downtime for cleaning and lowering maintenance costs. Furthermore, flow resistance is uniform across every micro-hole, ensuring consistent flow rates, pressure, and atomized particle characteristics throughout the spray pattern. This eliminates issues such as weak localized spraying, uneven atomization, and spray drift, thereby guaranteeing stable output quality for the end equipment.
High strength, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability ensure an extended service life and reduced operational costs. Traditional nozzle plates often suffer from high residual stress; under conditions of prolonged fluid erosion and alternating wet-dry cycles, they are prone to warping, micro-hole deformation, aperture enlargement, and corrosion. These issues lead to rapid degradation of spraying precision, a short service life, and frequent replacements, continuously driving up costs for consumables and maintenance. In contrast, electroformed nozzle plates are manufactured as a single, stress-free unit. Their dense nickel-cobalt alloy structure offers superior resistance to wear, erosion, acid/alkali corrosion, and thermal aging. Even during long-term, high-frequency operation, the plate surface remains flat, the aperture stays constant, and flow performance remains undiminished. With a service life several times longer than that of traditional plates, they effectively reduce replacement frequency—avoiding the precision deviations and production losses associated with frequent part swaps and recalibration—and significantly lower the enterprise's long-term, comprehensive production costs.
Exceptional customization flexibility meets the evolving needs of diverse equipment categories. As precision fluid equipment rapidly evolves, there is growing demand for custom features such as non-standard hole shapes, varied apertures, zoned flow patterns, and dense micro-hole arrays. Traditional manufacturing methods are often constrained by equipment and process limitations, making it difficult to produce complex micro-hole structures and resulting in long development cycles and poor adaptability. Electroforming technology offers virtually limitless structural design capabilities, allowing for the flexible customization of irregular holes, tapered holes, stepped holes, high-density micro-hole arrays, and zoned flow structures. This enables precise alignment with the specific requirements of applications such as inkjet printing, medical nebulization, industrial coating, and microfluidic control. It facilitates rapid prototyping, process optimization, and mass production, thereby drastically shortening the customer's product development and time-to-market cycles. Domestically produced, high-end alternatives are helping the industry reduce costs and boost efficiency. Historically, the sector relied heavily on imports for high-end precision orifice plates—a dependency characterized by exorbitant prices, long lead times, difficulties in customization, and sluggish after-sales support—which severely constrained the development of the domestic precision fluid equipment industry. Leveraging mature electroforming processes and cutting-edge technology, these domestic orifice plates match imported products across the board in terms of precision, flow characteristics, stability, and durability; they serve as seamless, direct replacements that significantly lower procurement costs. By capitalizing on service advantages such as rapid local prototyping, batch delivery, dedicated technical support, and efficient after-sales service, these products provide domestic precision manufacturers with cost-effective, highly adaptable micro-orifice jetting solutions, thereby driving the industry-wide upgrade toward the domestic production of high-end precision fluid components.
